The Encyclopedia of Surgery has been written by various experts in the field of surgery and has been written specifically for healthcare students and patients. The Encyclopedia covers 450 surgical procedures and topics such as laser surgery, hysterectomy, endoscopy, cryosurgery, anesthetics, biopsy, angioplasty, medications and postoperative care, and many related subjects.  Each entry in the Encyclopedia of Surgery consists of a standardized format which includes the definition, purpose, diagnosis, aftercare, risks, mortality rates, and alternatives.